Psychology Articles

Many people believe that indifference is a normal reaction and cannot be considered as abnormal behavior. They don’t think that being indifferent to a certain fact is an absurd reaction when this fact doesn’t seem to be important. However, what is important for the human being is a very complex topic.

When you are indifferent to poor people who are suffering in Africa for example, this is the same as if you were indifferent to the fact that your house was being burned by fire. You believe that your own house is very important, but what is happening with the people who are starving far away from you is not as important for you because their problem doesn’t affect your life. You don’t believe that you are responsible for their suffering or that you should be blamed because they will never receive your support. You are too busy with your own life.

Do you think that this is a normal reaction and you should be considered a sensible human being?

The bitter truth is that you are a monster. You are not a real human being. Only an animal would be indifferent to misery and pain.

Thanks to the continuation of Carl Jung’s research in the unknown region of the human psyche I could discover that we possess a wild conscience. Many people doubt that I could make such an important scientific discovery even though I was only a literature writer. However, the bitter truth is that the person who would discover the existence of the anti-conscience, the wild side of the human conscience, had to ignore the psychiatry and psychology of our historical time because they are based on erroneous conclusions. This is why our psychiatrists and psychologists are not able to completely cure their patients, especially when these patients suffer from grave mental illnesses and they lose their conscience.

I had the intention to publish my first book in 1988, when I discovered how to clearly translate the meaning of dreams, surpassing Jung’s vague interpretations. However, in 1989, the unconscious mind obliged me to fight against schizophrenia and win the battle against my anti-conscience. Then, I had to cure many people for 19 years through dream therapy before having permission to finally transmit my knowledge to the world.

I was very ignorant, but very obedient. I precisely followed the unconscious guidance. This is why I managed to discover the truth about the content of the human psyche without losing my mind.

I discovered that we are cruel monsters because we are controlled by our primitive anti-conscience most of the time. This is why our world is characterized by terrorism, violence, immorality, indifference to the human pain, greed, superficiality, selfishness, and wickedness.

The wise unconscious mind produces our dreams in order to save us from self-destruction. We must learn how to find sound mental health based on humanitarianism and sensitivity.

Christina Sponias continued Carl Jung’s research into the human psyche, discovering the cure for all mental illnesses, and simplifying the scientific method of dream interpretation that teaches you how to accurately translate the meaning of your dreams, so that you can find health, wisdom and happiness.

Click Here to download a Free Sample of the eBook Dream Interpretation as a Science (86 pages!).

It takes students on a journey through the human mind. Intro to Psychology often looks at human behavior, memory, dreams, personality and intelligence. Students in this course are likely also to learn about abnormal behavior, perhaps even sexual attraction.

In an Intro to Psychology course, students might learn the role that genetics and outside influences have in shaping the mind. They might, as a result, come to understand why people behave differently. Students might also come to understand how, through psychotherapy, psychologists come to better understand and help their patients.

There are different approaches to psychotherapy that students in Intro courses might learn about. Students might come to understand a form of psychotherapy that involves focusing on reward and punishment, positive associations and “desensitizing.” They might also learn more about a form of psychotherapy where attempts to change negative thoughts, feelings and behaviors are made by gaining a better understanding of what might be causing that negativity.

Another approach to psychotherapy that might be addressed in an Intro to Psychology course is getting patients to change the way they think in order to change the way they feel and behave. Another form of psychotherapy involves helping people to make intelligent choices that lead them to become the best person that they can be.

Psychology is said to have been founded in the 1870s by William (“The Principles of Psychology”) James and Wilhelm (” Principles of Physiological Psychology”) Wundt. They were involved early on in experimental psychology, and they taught the likes of Ivan Pavlov, Granville Stanley Hall and Russ Dewey. Of course, students in Intro to Psychology are likely also to be introduced to Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud. B.F. Skinner of “Skinner box” behavioral conditioning notoriety, and Kurt Lewin, founder of modern social psychology, might also be introduced in Intro courses.

Many Intro to Psychology courses explore how personalities develop in children, how and why people are different in terms of thoughts and emotions. These courses also explore different theories related to dreams, what they mean and why they might exist. A few of these theories, Intro students might learn, include the ability to preserve sleep through the experience of hallucination, the ability to develop our personalities and solve problems.

In Intro to Psychology courses, students also are likely to learn the difference between normal and abnormal behavior. They might gain a better understanding of how professionals determine whether patients are afflicted with disorders such as depression or anxiety. As a result, students in Intro courses are likely to learn what the symptoms of these and other disorders are.

Intro to Psychology introduces students to what scientists so far understand about people’s behaviors. The course provides a broad overview that might help students begin to better understand others as well. Some students might find that their interest in psychology is piqued enough that they decide to minor in the subject or venture into the human mind even farther, perhaps by pursuing a degree and career in psychology. Test Drive College offers free psychology courses for students interested in studying psychology. http://www.testdrivecollege.com/ also may be found through Test Drive College.

Sudden fits of anger and violent outbursts are some of the symptoms of Intermittent Explosive Disorder. If they sound familiar to you, be sure to keep reading.

People who manifest IED are normal most of the time, but they also have scary episodes when they erupt with sudden and unpredictable displays of rage. When this occurs, they behave in ways that normally would mortify them.

For example, they might break anything that is immediately available or even set things on fire. They also may harm someone or even try to harm themselves.

Some of us react to frustrations normally, while others react to the very same things violently. This would suggest that there is a behavioral dysfunction in those who react so disproportionately to the original trigger.

This is called Intermittent Explosive Disorder and it may even afflict a person without he or she even being aware of it. It can be hard to understand because when there is no provocation, these patients appear normal and even charming.

However, when a stimulus presents itself, the extreme and abnormal display of rage can be terrifying. In fact, people who suffer from IED seem to manifest such an altered state that, under ordinary circumstances, they appear unaware of the pathological intensity of their behavior or the serious risks it entails.

What causes Intermittent Explosive Disorder? Research seems to suggest that children reared in family settings in which the parents frequently and bitterly argue are likely to express their anger violently and inappropriately, as adults.

Also, poverty-stricken families tend to have a disproportionate share of kids that grow-up to have IED. This could be the result of a family under such stress and experiencing such frustration that dysfunctional displays of anger are more likely to take place.

Also, poverty-stricken kids are more likely to compare themselves unfavorably with others, leading to more dissatisfaction and frustration. Even though none of these factors guarantees the spawning of IED, they make its manifestation more likely.

Other influences on the possible spawning of IED include a possible genetic propensity. Also, watching violent movies and playing violent video games could be additional causal factors for the spawning of IED.

How can you detect the existence of Intermittent Explosive Disorder? Think about your most recent angry episode and answer the following questions.

If the answers to many of them are ‘yes’, then it is more likely that you have IED:

1. Did you feel almost as though an entity within you was compelling you to react with hostility or the causing of harm? Some people report the propensity within themselves to fight is extremely compelling. Their own emotions become so strong that they have a compelling or “involuntary” type of quality to them.

2. Did you feel your anger as a wave? Did you experience it as a feeling or set of sensations boiling within you that you wanted to quickly expel or force-out?

3. Were you normal just prior to the sudden and extreme rage overwhelmed you? Did it erupt suddenly?

4. Is the person with you during your sudden episode of rage frightened? IED patients often trigger terror in those who witness their outbursts.

5. Did you experience regret or remorse after your IED episode? Most IED patients feel great remorse after the fact.

If you have some of these symptoms, it is important that you get some kind of help before things get way out of hand!

This usually involves:

1. Individual counseling or psychotherapy. The purpose of counseling is to understand yourself better and get objective feedback, support and guidance from a professional with experience in treating IED.

2. Marriage counseling related to IED. You and your partner learn how to mitigate the dire impact that IED has had on your partner or kids. You also learn how to communicate better and problem-solve effectively.

Abusive IED communication and anger management versus healthy dialogue and interaction is discussed. You and your partner, together, get objective feedback, support and guidance from a professional experienced in treating IED’s impact on relationships.

Importantly, both types of counseling can be received from private practitioners and non-profit community agencies.

3. Self-therapy kits (STKs), articles and books -If going to counseling seems initially like too big a step, reading articles and books, attending seminars and using self-therapy kits (STKs) can be helpful. STKs are self-help programs that tutor you, step-by-step on how to deal with your abusive anger.

As opposed to books and articles, they teach these skills using a multimedia format: CDs, DVDs, MP3s, e-books, workbooks, audios, videos etc.

Important Caveat: If your behavior is dangerous, your first step should be personally consulting with a professional!

Dr Shery earned his doctorate at the Univ. of Southern Calif. He is a counselor in Cary, IL with 30 years experience. He provides anger self-help programs to treat rage and IED. He prescribes them to his own anger and IED patients. They are guaranteed to diminish anger and the symptoms of IED while at home or you get a no-strings attached, unconditional refund! Learn more about these New Self-Therapy Kits

Men can be both committed and unfaithful at the same time. It’s not just abnormal psychology: infidelity and commitment both offer evolutionary advantages. For understanding infidelity, it helps to consider natural selection.

Are we really not naturally monogamous? An estimated 45-55% of married women and 50-60% of married men engage in extramarital sex at some time or another during their relationship. (The figure is quoted by Joan D. Atwood and Limor Schwartz, Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 2002)

Evolution would select for men to have sex with many women. Any genetic tendency that way would increase the presence of that gene in the gene pool, which is what evolution selects for.

The mechanisms by which this works include (as men report) a need for “variety.” Men also report becoming “bored” with a relationship with one woman, which also pushes towards seeking out other women, even though boredom could be solved more directly working with their partners.

Men can be both committed to a relationship and involved with other women at the same time. That, after all, is required for polygamy. And it is also what evolution selects for. A genetic disposition towards protecting ones offspring also works to increase the presence of those genes in the gene pool.

As I write this, it is elk mating season here in Colorado. The male elk butt heads to prove who is the dominant male, and the dominant male gets the harem. Powerful men are also disposed to have multiple sex partners. It is possible that the genetic reasons are quite similar in many mammals.

Not only do successful men feel they have it coming to have more women interested in them, quite a few women seem to agree. I’m reminded of a woman I was talking to at a party back in the days of President Clinton. She freely stated she would be happy to have an affair with the leader of the free world. I asked her, “How about a tenured Professor?” “Nowhere near,” she responded.

What should you do if your husband is unfaithful? It depends much on his infidelity’s meaning. Don’t rush to take it personally. It may be more about him being a man than it is about you or your relationship.

What commitment do you want? A man is capable of being committed to a marriage even if he strays occasionally.

If you expect perfection against strong evolutionary pressure to the contrary, you are likely to be disappointed. You can’t even get him to clean up after himself, and there is no particular natural selection for messiness.

So the meaning of infidelity is not completely clear. That means a lot more discussion and soul searching is called for. Is he in fact committed? Is he unhappy with you? Are there difficulties in your relationship?

These discussions are difficult for men. They do not have much expertise in thinking about relationships or discussing feelings.

When a man commits, he commits to a particular, attractive woman who admires and values him. After marriage, women change. They typically gain weight. They try to change their husbands by pointing out their flaws. The reasons for the initial commitment erode. A new woman who is admiring and attractive is, well, attractive.

It helps to understand that men’s attraction to women is both personal and super-personal. They are attracted to women who understand and appreciate them, and they respond to The Feminine. To the extent you understand him and accept him and appreciate him and you “wear” the feminine for him, you will retain his commitment,

To read more about husbands’ infidelity and male behavior, visit the Tips What Men Want site, http://tipswhatmenwant.com/ created by Thomas Christopher, a Colorado Front Range public speaker on relationships.

Mental illnesses start provoking disturbances in the functioning of our conscience when we have traumas or serious deceptions, and we are dominated by despair. Our behavior is affected by various distortions in our psychological functions. We cannot think, feel, sense, or have intuitions normally.

We start showing abnormal behavior as we lose the notion of what is logical or not. We are controlled by the wild side of our conscience that didn’t evolve like our human side. This is the anti-conscience. In other words, it is our primitive personality. The anti-conscience can think to a certain degree, but it is violent, immoral, and indifferent like an animal.

Today we have a clear vision of what happens with us when we start showing abnormal behavior thanks to the discoveries of the psychiatrist Carl Jung concerning the meaning of dreams. My discoveries were found after continuing his dangerous research in the unknown region of the human psyche through dream interpretation. I completed his arduous mission with my own laborious work.

Our dreams are produced by the unconscious mind, which has a separate mind and works independently of our conscience. It is a protective organ that tries to preserve our mental health. We have to learn the symbolic dream language and never attempt to interpret dreams based on our opinion, so that we may understand the wise unconscious guidance. Carl Jung discovered the hidden code for a perfect dream translation, and I discovered the meaning of many dream symbols that he could not explain.

When we follow dream therapy, we have an internal vision about what is happening in our brain and psyche. We understand why we react the way we do, and what is wrong with our behavior when we act influenced by the anti-conscience.

Most dreams have a mysterious and dangerous aspect because they reflect the constant attempts of the anti-conscience to destroy our human conscience and control our behavior. The biggest part of our brain and psyche belong to the anti-conscience, while our human conscience is only a spot.

We are primitive creatures that didn’t evolve completely yet. In other words, we are violent primates that can very easily lose the spot of consciousness existent in our brain and psyche.

Depending on the traumas and deceptions we face while we live, we are dominated by our violent tendencies, which generate mental illnesses characterized by absurdity and despair. This is why we become violent when we are mentally ill.

The solution for this dramatic situation is psychotherapy through dream translation. The unconscious mind shows us in dream images what is happening to us, how we can prevent the destructive action of the anti-conscience, and how to completely eliminate it.

The anti-conscience is eliminated as we acquire consciousness, transforming its absurd content into a sensible part of our human conscience. This is a gradual process that increases our intelligence and develops the positive characteristics of our personality. We get rid of all mental illnesses forever; finding perfect mental health, peace and happiness.

Christina Sponias continued Carl Jung’s research into the human psyche, discovering the cure for all mental illnesses, and simplifying the scientific method of dream interpretation that teaches you how to exactly translate the meaning of your dreams, so that you can find health, wisdom and happiness.
Learn more at: http://www.scientificdreaminterpretation.com

Click Here to download a Free Sample of the eBook Dream Interpretation as a Science (86 pages!).

The scientific method of dream interpretation reveals to the world the crucial importance of dreams. Thanks to the extraordinary discoveries of Carl Jung and thanks to my discoveries by following his method, today we know that all dream images contain precious messages.

Dreams are not produced by chance. They follow a specific logic that can be comprehended when we learn the symbolic dream language. Our dreams are produced by the unconscious mind, a superior mind that possesses undoubtable wisdom. Therefore, when we learn the meaning of our dreams we discover that we are being enlightened. We find support and guidance; as if the unconscious mind was a human being.

This is a surprising truth that proves the existence of a superior entity. The impressing unconscious sanctity is another surprising truth that proves its divine origin. Therefore, when we learn how to accurately translate the meaning of our dreams we discover the unconscious psychoanalysis, and simultaneously, its spiritual guidance.

Even though the scientific world is atheistic, the intriguing nature of the wise unconscious mind that produces our dreams obliges us to link science to religion. The unconscious mind is a natural doctor that works like a psychiatrist and psychologist, curing and preventing all mental illnesses. It also cures and prevents physical diseases, and accidents. At the same time, it is a poet, and a priest. The unconscious messages possess a philosophical background. They aim to awaken our sensitivity, reminding us of the religious lessons we had during our childhood. They are not empty words, but very meaningful lessons.

The superiority of the unconscious treatment, which eliminates all mental illnesses, mental disorders and physical diseases, cannot be compared to the medicine of common doctors, who ignore more than what they can possibly know. This is why the scientific method of dream interpretation is a new independent science, absolutely based on the unconscious wisdom. At the same time, it is a new philosophy of life that generates a new mindset.

While common psychiatrists try to cure mental illnesses like schizophrenia and psychosis in a world governed by terrorism, immorality, violence, indifference, and greed, the unconscious mind denounces the general absurdity of our civilization. We will never be able to eliminate grave mental illnesses without transforming our world into a place where peace and justice will prevail.

The unconscious mind puts an end to all abnormalities, transforming not only our personalities, but our daily lives as well. We discover the roots of all problems. Thus, we eliminate their causes.

We not only care about our personal interests; we care about the destiny of humanity as well. We stop being indifferent and cold creatures that have no human warmth. We discover the power of goodness that eliminates all wars.

Our psychological transformation through the unconscious psychoanalysis works also as a spiritual purification. We stop repeating the mistakes of our ignorant and violent civilization. We find peace, wisdom, love, and happiness. We also become more intelligent, acquiring total consciousness.

Christina Sponias continued Carl Jung’s research into the human psyche, discovering the cure for all mental illnesses, and simplifying the scientific method of dream interpretation that teaches you how to exactly translate the meaning of your dreams, so that you can find health, wisdom and happiness.
Learn more at: http://www.scientificdreaminterpretation.com

Click Here to download a Free Sample of the eBook Dream Interpretation as a Science (86 pages!).

It’s something I’ve always known. It’s the thing I’ve always struggled with. They told me for years that if I wanted to be normal I had to be more of an extrovert. But no matter what I tried I still found that I needed my time alone to recharge.

Was this something I needed to have fixed by a medical professional? Is it a curse that I was born with or was it merely a matter of choice that my environment conditioned me to make? These are tough questions to answer and I thought that by delving in to find the solution I’d be able to change myself.

But it didn’t work.

I’ve spent a lot of time lately trying to find out why I act the way I do. If you’re an extrovert, you could think I had become obsessed if you knew how much time and energy I’ve invested in this pursuit. But as I’ve come to know myself better, I’ve found that to do otherwise would be abnormal for me.

For as long as I can remember I’ve been introspective. There is no time when my brain isn’t “on,” churning ideas and concepts every direction I can conceive of. I was always happy to be by myself as a kid. Solitude didn’t bother me at all. But still there were times when my friends who were more socially oriented and had more friends made me question whether my introversion was something to be celebrated.

I can remember those summers when I would tell myself that “next year will be different.” The problem is that I had no inkling of how it would be different, just that because I wanted it to be so, it would.

But, of course, year after year, I was known as the “quiet one.” The extroverts thought I was weird but were nice enough to notice that when I did say something it was worth hearing. And that was because I had put a ton of thought into it before it escaped my lips. Everything I said was a work of art, a masterpiece of planning!

As I’ve come to know myself, I’m discovering that I am not so abnormal. I like to think, be alone, read, learn, and investigate things. When I am with people, I prefer small groups to hordes and I choose my conversations carefully. I didn’t have too many at church today but the few I did have were not short. I like to invest in people, get to know them, make them feel welcome, and maybe be to them what most people aren’t. I can’t do this with everybody. But for those who will engage, I can spend an hour getting to know the details of their lives. And because I’ve spent the time, I find it easier to remember them the next time I see them.

To me that is a strength.

Introverts may be a minority in our culture. Extroverts are seen as living the right way, the only way. But can you imagine a world where everyone is motivated by action without deep thinking? I’m not saying that everyone should be this way. If introverts ruled the world, procrastination would be the order of the day sometimes. We need some to think deeply, and some to spur us on to act. It’s a balance designed by God to make what needs to happen occur in the best time frame possible.

And I’m perfectly okay with that. Consider the field of politics. You have the elected officials, who are most likely the extroverts. They get out there and communicate, act, and lead. But there is a quiet leadership behind the scenes that investigates, thinks through, and helps shape the policies that these leaders propose. That’s where the introverts come in. Without the quiet leadership to balance the need for action, our world would be a lot less efficient.

So introversion has value as much as extroversion does.

I’ve also discovered that the way you think is something that will most likely never change. So why fight the way you function? If you’re an introvert like me, you need your time alone to recharge and reflect. You may enjoy people some of the time as I do. But you need that quiet time to think and process the details of your life. When you live out of sync with who you are, stress sets in. Your health will suffer because you’ll feel off-balance all the time. It’s no fun. I’ve tried it. I don’t like it. It’s like looking at your weakness and saying, “I think I’ll develop this.” No matter how hard you work, you’ll never rise above just average.

And that can really be depressing.

So, if you’re reading this and you’re an introvert, celebrate who you are by doing what you do best. If you’re an extrovert and have stumbled across this page, I hope it will help you understand us better. And don’t be offended if we can only take you in small doses – that’s just the way we are. No offense to you or your way of life is intended.

So be yourself and you’ll be free to be your best.

Frank McKinley is author of Praying God’s Way: A Guide to Biblical Prayer, which is available on Amazon.com. His work can also be seen on his blog at http://frank-speakingfrankly.blogspot.com/. He lives in Georgia with his wife and family.

The well known English writer George Allen Knot has authored a scientific book called “Journey by other ways”. In this book of fiction Knot has penned such a vehicle that helps man travel thousands of miles within a few seconds. This aircraft travels with the speed of light and one fictitious person in the book drops many travelers at their desired destination on the way. This fictitious vehicle is neither made up of any metal nor is any technology like engine etc attached to it. Instead some scientists with the help of their potent power of resolve (Sankalpa Shakti) arrange subtle atoms in such a manner that the travelers of this fictitious vehicle become weightless. The fictitious pilot merely makes a powerful mental resolve that “I want this vehicle to reach a particular far off place” and immediately this vehicle speeds ahead with the help of subtle ‘technology’. To even say that the vehicle ‘moved’ is erroneous because within seconds it moves speedily like light to its destination (which is thousands of miles away).

This book of fiction is so imaginative that one may read it with wonderment for some time and then leave it saying “it is a mere figment of the respected author’s imagination”. And yet Woodland’s (USA) Dr. Zio Bernhardt actually experienced something of this sort. In that as per his power of resolve he reached his destination. In a well known American Journal of Parapsychology Dr. Bernhardt writes: At that time, my son was fighting a war in Vietnam (in the year 1971 A.D). Once seated in my residence I strongly felt that my son was in danger. I felt as though he was shouting aloud to me. Immediately when this deep thought flashed in my mind my body became extremely lighter in weight even than air. From Woodland in USA I reached a far off unknown place within a second. This was the place where my son was waging a war for the army.

Dr. Bernhardt continued: In that far off place raged an intense inferno. My son John was trapped in a tent and on top of him was a very heavy truck. Immediately I removed the truck from John’s body and after dragging him out of the tent I made him stand up.

Immediately my body now started regaining its original form and weight. When I opened my eyes I felt I had woken up from a half sleep semi conscious state. My wife seated besides me was checking my pulse. I asked her: Tell me, what happened? She replied: I felt as though for sometime you had become abnormal! I then related my amazing experience to her but according to her it was merely some bad dream. And yet inwardly I failed to agree with my wife’s observation. After 6 months John returned home since he was on leave. John later told us about how he was trapped in a blazing inferno while fighting the Vietnam War and that miraculously he managed to escape the jaws of death.

After hearing what John had said Dr. Bernhardt was convinced that as soon as he intuitively and with the help of telepathy got knowledge of this near fatal accident in Vietnam, his own subtle body reached there so as to save John from dying thus. The question he asked himself was: Could it be possible that with the help of ones subtle body one could travel any where at will? Spiritual Sciences give an emphatic answer saying: YES! Today slowly but surely even Modern Sciences’ attention has been strongly drawn in this direction. Many such incidences have been recorded the world over wherein not the physical body but the subtle body was fully active.

The subtle body can be separated from the gross visible body as has been the experience of many people the world over. Some years back an experience of the world famous actress Elizabeth Taylor had been published. Elizabeth Taylor as written in that publication was to undergo a major operation. She was made to lie down on the operation table and was anaesthetized. The operation being a serious one continued for some time and when it ended the surgeons suddenly realized that Elizabeth Taylor’s body lay lifeless on the operation table. Her breathing had stopped, blood pressure was falling perilously and her heart beats were very faint. After great effort the medical team revived Elizabeth Taylor. When she regained her composure she said: I saw my self being operated with my own eyes!

Elizabeth Taylor was actually unconscious due to the influence of anesthesia administered to her for the operation. The doctors were wonderstruck and hence asked her: How could you see your own operation being carried out by us? Elizabeth Taylor replied: I too was seeing my physical body lying on the operation table just as I can see the body of another person (meaning she was a witness or Sakshi of her own body). I saw my entire gross body i.e. head, face, mouth, nose etc. I actually felt that I had ‘come out of my body’. I felt I was seeing my body just as I would be seeing the body of any other individual. I felt that my own body was separate from me. At that time I felt that my body was very light in weight akin to a bird’s feather.

Since the doctors suspected that Taylor had temporarily entered a dream state they asked her: Tell us, what exactly happened during the operation? Taylor described each step of the operation. Not only this but she also described what apparatus and materials were used for the operation and in what sequence! Amazingly she also described how the chief surgeon had yelled when a particular apparatus was missing and what words he had exactly uttered.

After hearing Elizabeth all doubts were dispelled. A point to note is that anyone well versed with Indian Spiritual Philosophy will not be surprised at all to read incidences like those mentioned above because Indian Spirituality has always maintained that apart from the gross body (Sthool Sharira) there exists a subtle body (Sookshma Sharira) and a causal body (Karana Sharira). As against this such incidences can certainly amaze Westerners. It is not as though Westerners do not know about the soul being separate from the body because saints and great philosophers of the West too have deeply studied Spiritual sciences. No doubt they accepted the existence of a subtle principle but because flourishing Modern Sciences scoffed those findings as ‘blind beliefs’, intellectuals the world over failed to give due importance to this subtle principle.

And yet despite their non acceptance miraculous incidences explained above continue to take place even today. This has forced modern material scientists too to accept that man’s consciousness is not eternally bound to his gross body of flesh and bones. This is because the conscious principle/subtle body can move about everywhere without the gross body moving an inch. The great Psychologist Dr. Themla Moss has proved that “All individuals without exception can separate their conscious/subtle body from their gross body and within a second can travel to regions thousands of miles away”.

In order to prove the existence of that subtle conscious body which is beyond the material laws of nature, Dr. Moss enumerated many real incidences. One such incidence took place in 1908 A.D. There was a meeting of the House of Lords in Great Britain. A ‘no confidence’ motion was set against the government at that time and voting for the same was to take place that very day. The opposition Party was very strong politically and hence it was most required that all government members of the House be present and that none remain absent. And yet one very important ruling party member Sir Cornrush was very ill. There was no way he could get up from his bed at home and yet he was very keen on attending the voting session at the House of Lords. He pleaded with the doctors to allow him to attend the voting session but the doctors refused to do so point blank. Thus he failed to attend the voting session. And yet in the House of Lords many members saw Sir Cornrush taking part in the voting session. On the other hand doctors attending to the ailing Sir Cornrush insisted that he was resting in his bed at his residence.

Regarding one more incident Dr. Moss writes: A session was going on in Victoria House of British Columbia Parliament. At that time one of its honorable members called Charles Wood was very ill. The doctors had given hope for Wood’s very survival too. And yet Charles Wood was very keen on attending that Parliament session. The doctors refused to allow Wood to even get up from his bed and hence in despair he continued resting there. And yet very amazingly other members of Parliament actually saw Charles Wood seated in Victoria House for the session. During the said session many photographs too were taken and when they were developed one could see Charles Wood clearly in them!

The world famous philosopher, thinker and psychologist Dr. Carl Jung himself has experienced his subtle body separating or ‘coming out’ of his physical body. This experience has been elaborated further in his famous book “Memories, Dreams and Reflections”. In an incident in the year 1944 A.D. Carl Jung got a heart attack. It was a very dangerous attack and according to his doctor, Dr. Jung was face to face with death. Dr. Jung writes about this experience as follows: While I was being administered medicines and injections for saving my life I experienced many strange things. Even now it is difficult for me to decisively say whether I was unconscious at that time or whether I was undergoing a vivid dream. And yet what is crystal clear is that I actually felt I was ‘hanging’ in interstellar space. Further my body felt as though it was as light as a cotton fiber. From the place actually where I was I felt I was seeing Jerusalem which was thousands of miles away as though I was seated in an air craft flying in the sky with the city flying past below on earth. After this I manifested in a worship hall. There I felt my body to be so weightless that I could go about anywhere without any hindrance. Immediately I saw a ’shadow’ hovering above me. This ’shadow’ said: Now you must re-enter your physical body. I hence carried out its command. Now my experience was that I was no longer independent to move about as before. But what is very important is that this vivid experience gave me inner wisdom and thus all my previous doubts were dispelled totally. Now I realized what actually takes place after any human being dies.

Without doubt today Modern Material Science has concluded in one voice that what we call ‘matter’ is not an ultimate independent unit of this cosmos. Instead great scientists proclaim that a miniscule atom of matter is also the result of many more subtle particles. When these subtle particles were analyzed during high leveled research studies the Philosophy of Consciousness commenced.

In the year 1968 A.D., renowned Russian scientists like Dr. V. Inushin, Chekov, N. Norovov, N. Korarova and Guadulin carried out important experiments. After completing their research studies they accepted that all creatures of the world not only possess a gross physical body (made of flesh, bones etc) but that they possess a subtle conscious body too.

These eminent Russian scientists called this subtle body as “The Biological Plasma Body”. While elaborating further they said that it not just merely a collective unit of preliminary units of life which in turn arise from activated electrical molecules but that it is a well managed and self controlled principle. It thus manifests its own magnetic arena.

Spiritual Sciences proclaim that subtle consciousness can never be ‘grasped by any gross principle and that it is only a subjective experience. It is but natural that in future Modern Science which has analyzed this gross material world at great length will realize that consciousness can never be pin pointed with even the most advanced technological apparatus and that instead they will have to dive deep into the recesses of their soul/psyche to gain a first hand subjective experience.

While researching into the Biological Plasma Body renowned scientists have also analyzed their underlying principles. Soviet scientists have conducted many experiments in order to study the designing/structure and function of this Bio-plasma. Later they concluded that Bio-plasma predominantly exists in the brain region. Further functionally it is most active in the Sushumna (subtle spine) and muscular cells.

The Bhagwad Geeta compares this human body to a tree wherein the branches are at the base and the roots are at the top end. Scientists have proven the existence of a vital force which is not cosmic consciousness/soul but is energy of the level of the subtle body. It is also called the electrical energy of the human body. It is present in all creatures without exception.

Prof. Dr. Heraldwar of Yale University’s Neuro Academy has proved that every creature be it a mere ant too is covered by an ‘electro-dynamic’ aura. Later another scientist of this very University named Dr. Leonard Ravitz continued research studies on this line. According to his findings this ‘electro-dynamic’ aura can be influenced with the help of the brain. If we make a parallel study, Indian Spiritual Science has given us the path of Dhyana-Dharana or Meditation-Concentration as elucidated in Yogic texts.

Now it is virtually a water tight conclusion that Modern Science too is heading in this direction and that too with great success. A point to be noted is that this success was already attained if we study ancient Yoga Philosophy texts. Mythological (Puranas) and other spiritual texts describe so many examples which can only be called miraculous and mind boggling.

When we understand the infinite potency of subtle principles it just does not seems impossible that Rishis, Munis, demigods, demons etc traveled to far off galaxies, planets etc in a matter if micro seconds via their will power (Sankalpa Shakti) or a subtle medium. It is a great possibility that in future scientists find a way to reach other planets, galaxies etc via a subtle medium instead of inventing hi-fi technology which uses up billions of hard earned dollars. The famous electronics specialist Dr. Nichovson has gone on to say that the electronic medium will become so powerful in the next fifty years that with its help scientists will be able to travel easily in interstellar space. Suppose a scientist wants to solve a problem seated billions of miles away in another planet a scientist from Earth will tell him: Please wait for just a minute because I will myself come there and solve it! All this will happen only with the help of the subtle body.

It is important to note that each individual does not possess merely one body made up of flesh, blood etc. This is because within this gross visible body exist 2 more bodies called subtle body (Sukshma Sharira) and causal body (Karana Sharira). Between these 2 bodies the subtle body is more active and influential. After death the physical body disintegrates but the subtle body’s existence persists. It is this subtle body that paves the way for a fresh new body which is called ‘birth’ by us all.

After one dies although the physical body disintegrates ones mind, psychic imprints (Sanskars) and good deeds/bad deeds continue to exist and enter a new body called rebirth. This subtle body also harbors memory of previous births/incarnations. Hence many a times people identify and remember their past life family members, dear ones etc. It is this subtle body that ‘transports’ ones mind, psychic imprints (Sanskars) and good deeds/bad to the new body (rebirth) after death of the previous body. In reality when we die a certain type of state of ‘rest’ ensues wherein it is as though a living being is warding off the ‘tension’ and ‘hard work’ performed in the previous body. It is like a business man, executive, teacher, house wife etc who after a hard long grinding day, goes to sleep at night for a well deserved rest. Next day when they wake up they feel rejuvenated and look forward to another hard day’s work. In the same way after death when the subtle body ‘rests’ for some time before being reborn it manifests enough capacity to toil hard in the next body called rebirth. Of course there are certain living beings who take up a fresh new body (birth) after giving up the previous body (death) without any rest or pause. Generally such re-born individuals tend to be relatively weak both in body and mind.

In any birth the subtle body is as functional as the gross body. When we go to sleep at night and visualize vivid dreams know for sure that it is the subtle body which is at work. It is only the subtle body that is solely responsible for divine vision, hearing far off sounds, seeing far off objects, thought movements, knowledge of the future (prophecy making), visualizing demigods etc. Via Yoga steps like Pratyahar (mastering the 5 sense organs), Dharana (inculcating a one pointed focused mind), Dhyana (uninterrupted meditation) and Samadhi (trance or super conscious state) the aspirant makes his subtle body sacred and potent. This subtle body is the fount of Ridhi-Sidhis (Divine Powers).

As soon as death overtakes us our physical body gets destroyed immediately. On an average it takes some time before one gets a fresh new body (birth). Between death and a new birth a living being exists solely due to the help of the subtle body. Even after one is reborn with a new gross body, the subtle and causal bodies too simultaneously continue to exist in it. They are the root source of Extra Sensory Perceptions or ESP. Via devotion, meditation and other spiritual practices it is the subtle and causal bodies that are made more one pointed and taintless. If these 2 bodies are made potent our physical body exudes radiance, valor, divine aura/light and divine wisdom. Zest and zeal in ones life is but the manifestation of a radiant subtle body.

Heaven and hell are also manifestations of the subtle body. Wisdom, good/bad psychic imprints, good/bad qualities, inclinations etc have a direct relationship with the subtle body. Ghosts etc too are dependent on the subtle body. It also is responsible for the manifestation of divine experiences, Divine Powers of Yoga (Ridhi-Sidhi), dream interpretations etc.

In order to prove emphatically the existence of the subtle body, many incidences have been described in Ancient History, Mythology etc. Adi Guru Shankaracharya entered the corpse of a dead King Amrook to gain wisdom of married life. Ramkrishna Paramhans, even after giving up his saintly mortal coil had given Darshan (sacred vision) to his disciple Swami Vivekananda. Puranas describe such examples virtually on every page.

The founder of Theosophical Society Madam Blavatsky was known to lock herself in a room and yet appear in the midst of others who were outside the room with the help of her subtle body. In fact she would even give spiritual discourses. Similar incidences have been described with reference to Colonel Townsend. Amongst well known Yoga aspirants Harvetelman, Lindars, Andrew Jackson, Dr. Malth, Jelt Carrington, Duravel, Muldon, Oliver Laws, Pavers, Dr. Mesmer, Alexandra, Davidnit, Brunton etc have mentioned their experiences and practices which were based on proving the existence of the subtle body. J. Muldon had successfully demonstrated the separation of his subtle body from his gross physical body. Based on these experiences he has authored a book called “The Projection of the Astral Body”.

In India Swami Vishudhananda and Swami Nigamananda have given us all proof of such tangible experiences. It is said that once Tailang Swami was put in police lock up by an English Police Officer for roaming around naked in Varanasi. Next day to everyone’s astonishment Tailang Swami was roaming around outside the police lock up. Such descriptions are also found with reference to great saints like Mahindranath, Gorakhnath, Jalandharnath, Kanappa etc.

Following is a list of names of great Western Philosophers and Seers who not only belive in the existence of the soul but also agree that the soul persists even after the physical body dies and deteriorates: Ralph Waldo Trine, Midney, Flower, Ela Wheeler, Bilcox, William walker, Atkinson, James, Kenny etc. Great Seers of past times like Carlisle, Emerson, Kant, Hegel, Thomas, Hillman Dyson etc too have a similar viewpoint.

Our actions via the gross body and thoughts of the mind get ‘printed’ in the subtle body which are called psychic-imprints (Sanskars). Man’s nature and character are but the sum total of his thinking and activities spanning over innumerable incarnations. The more this nature is adhered to, to that extent those types of psychic imprints get etched in our psyche. In turn these imprints mature and ripen so as to create our good/bad destiny and fruits of actions. In this manner it is the subtle body that has designed the process of giving man the fruits of his past deeds or misdeeds.

If we eat unwholesome food, breathe polluted air and act undesirably our physical body undergoes diseases and illnesses. In the same way vile thoughts and vile actions “pollute” the subtle body and thus loses its power and potential. A man who foolishly insists on pursuing the thorny path of tainted thinking and actions is always seen to be weak and full of cowardice. As a result a day comes when he becomes a mentally ill and diseased patient. By itself the subtle body pervades our gross body just as butter in milk. Despite this it is more concentrated in the brain area. Vile/tainted thinking induces imbalance in our mind, brain and subtle body. This results in ones inner personality getting tainted and diseased. This in turn manifests externally as obstacles in the way of man’s material and spiritual progress.

AUTHOR: Shriram Sharma Acharya founder of the International Gayatri Family was a great Yogi seer and incarnation of God who wrote volumes of scientific literature mainly on spiritual subjects for world welfare and peace. For more scientific e-books visit: http://www.shriramsharma.com/ and http://www.dsvv.org/ DESCRIPTION: Free e-books on Future Scientific Religion, Gayatri Science & Kundalini Yoga correlated to Neurosciences-ESP, Endocrinology, Anatomy, Psychology & Sociology for 1) material & spiritual prosperity & 2) uniting the world peacefully as a family.

Passive-aggression refers to subtle, often renounced, resistance that has multiple causes. While this phenomenon originated as an attempt to classify covert, non-compliant behaviour, it can be a trait, behaviour or personality disorder. The broader view of passive-aggression is because of the acknowledgment of the deeper, multiple roots of this behaviour.

As behaviour, passive aggression is held to be contextual or situational. Therefore, we might all display subtle resistance when we feel that our goals or preferred actions are blocked. When one either deems the source of the frustration too powerful or perceive ourselves incapable of properly address our anger or frustrations in a particular context, passive-aggression might result. Passive-aggressive behaviour is not necessarily maladaptive or abnormal, but is attributed to an external stimulus.

Where passive-aggression is maladaptive or unhealthy is when it is perceived to be a trait or personality disorder. In other words, the passive-aggression is internally attributed – it is because of the person and not necessarily an external stimulus. This is where the behaviour is habitual and forms a distinct pattern. A passive-aggressive person behaves in this manner out of compulsion or inability to deal with anger, frustration or other negative emotions in a healthy, socially acceptable manner.

As isolated behaviour, passive-aggression might be a response to frustration or negative emotion from a more powerful source (such as a boss or other person in authority). Since a person might feel unable to resist that source ostentatiously or actively, subtle resistance behaviours or sullenness might be evident.

For a person who has this pattern of behaviour ( a trait or disorder), the reasons are more deep-seated. The passive-aggressive individual could have been socialized in an environment where it is unsafe or difficult to express anger or frustration. Some children are taught to suppress anger and become adults who are unable to deal with such emotions. While there is turmoil on the inside, the passive aggressive person seems calm or even pleasant to the source of their negative emotion.

In addition, passive-aggression could be the result of an inability to express anger/negative emotions in a socially acceptable manner. A person who is unaccustomed to dealing with conflict can have such an inability. Passive-aggression, as a trait or disorder, is merely a manifestation of acute repressed behaviour. In some instances, a person displaying this behaviour might not even realize it. Typically, the person might act surprised (or be genuinely surprised) when confronted with their behaviour.

One of the primary signs of passive-aggression is ambiguity. This exists because of the inherent contradictions between thoughts/actions or between one action and another. Since the passive aggressive person only complies superficially, resistance behaviours might co-exist with compliant words or actions. There is also an element of vindictiveness in this trait – a desire to hit back by transferring the negative emotion into another sphere. For example, if a husband is upset with his wife and conveniently forgets the upcoming anniversary – that is passive aggressive behaviour. Only if a person has an established pattern of this behaviour, should they be considered a subtly aggressive person.

Other significant signs of passive-aggression is blaming others and having fear of intimacy and dependency. A person who is not a master of their emotions tends to readily blame others or make external attributions. In addition, the need to feel in control is also apparent in passive-aggressive personality types.

It is important to make the distinction between passive aggressive behaviour and the passive-aggressive personality trait or disorder. This is because the behaviour could be externally attributed, while the trait or disorder is usually internal. Common signs, such as obstructionism, an uncanny lack of anger, ambiguity, vindictiveness and fears of attachment and dependency define passive-aggression. The nature of this phenomenon determines how easily a particular person can desist from being passive aggressive.

Television shows are suddenly very interested in people with Bipolar mood disorder with an emphasis on the inability of people with bipolar disorder to function in the world or as crazed killers. How can people who have the disorder protect themselves from being labeled as criminally, mentally ill? The answer is to arm themselves with information and share it where appropriate.

Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a category of mood disorders that is determined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally high energy levels and one or more depressive episodes. The high energy levels are called mania unless they are not as severe and then they are called hypomania. Some people have these episodes separately and some have them both at the same time.

Extreme episodes of mania can lead to psychotic symptoms like hallucinations or delusions. When this occurs or when a person becomes so depressed as to be suicidal, the person may need care in a controlled hospital setting. On the other hand many people associate their time as manic or hypomanic as times of positive achievements, creativity and goal striving. It has been suggested that many creative people suffer from some form of Bipolar disorder. Much more study is needed on the disorder and creativity.

The incidence of bipolar disorder is not clear. Some research suggests the number of those suffering the disorder may be one in 45 while other researchers conclude the number is one in 70 or so. Researchers believe that Bipolar disorder might be caused by events in childhood or genetic. They are divided in what they think. There is evidence of several people within a family having mood disorders including Bipolar disorder that points toward genetics.

There are 3 classifications of the symptoms of Bipolar Mood disorder.

First bullet
Bipolar Disorder Type I includes one or more manic episodes. These are severe enough to be considered psychotic in nature going from an elevated or irritable mood state to spending or sexual sprees and finally breaking totally with reality including delusions and hallucinations. People can also suffer depressive episodes that can again become psychotic with thoughts and incidences of suicide.

Second bullet
Bipolar Disorder Type II is less severe. Instead of becoming completely manic, the person becomes hypomanic, a condition characterized by creativity, optimism, decreased need for sleep and more energy. People in the hypomanic phase often don’t realize that anything is wrong and they feel wonderful. There are no delusions or hallucinations. Depressive moods are just like that of all other Bipolar depressions and can lead to chronic pain with or without a known cause, lack of desire to do anything, anxiety and guilt.

Third bullet
The third type in this classification is called Cyclothymia or Mixed Affective. This is a condition during which symptoms of both depression and mania occur simultaneously or cycle often during the year.

With the sudden interest in Bipolar disorder on television and its emphasis on the inability of people with bipolar disorder to function in the world, people who have this disorder must learn all they can about their problem. Places where information can be found include self-help books, articles on the internet and information from their health professional. Armed with information people with Bipolar mood disorder can prevent others from misinformation.

Ann Mullen is a woman of a certain age who has been writing for two decades. Her website Self-Help Discovery covers self-help reviews on a wide range of topics, including information on Bipolar Mood disorder.