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	<title>Psychology Articles &#187; Forensic Psychology Articles</title>
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		<title>Profiling and Its Types</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/profiling-and-its-types.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/profiling-and-its-types.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Mar 2011 07:32:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Applied Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Behavioral Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Criminal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personality Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Profiling is a science of observation, study and exploitation of traces of a crime scene, a person, or an animal to determine the relevance of such traces to an investigated crime, event or personality and behavior in general.

Anthropological and Psychological profiling

Profiling consists of several major types:

Cultural profiling

Racial profiling

Predictive profiling

Forensic information technology

Drug profiling

Offender profiling

Digital image forensic

DNA profiling

Performance profiling

The information obtained from profiling is known as forensic, such information is widely relied upon by judiciary systems, such as courts, and police enforcement agencies to determine what happens in a crime scene and help in assumption of criminal behavior.

However, such information is not restricted to the use of such bodies, but rather extends to assisting observers to broaden the comprehension of studied cases or individuals when applied by intelligence agencies or any security related bodies.

Profiling and forensic profiling is used in all fields of studies and not only humans, in fact, this science is developing and advancing very rapidly despite scientific criticism to its viable application.

Generally, forensic profiling refers to the profiling practices of discovering the correlation between acquired data related to studied subject or case as an identifying process and a categorization of groups and data acquired, such as nominal data (persons or objects and their relation due to an investigation) and crime data which is physical tracks of criminal activities on crime scenes be it a witness, a laptop or a mobile phone...

The most commonly used profiling techniques are data mining techniques, such as generating profiles based upon discovered data and the relevance of its patterns.

The four phases of profiling (Gregg O McCrary):

-   Antecedent: The murderer's plan, fantasy and drive prior to committing the crime.

-   Method and manner: type of selected victims and method used to commit the crime.

-   Body disposal: If the murder and the body disposal took place at one or, multiple scenes.

-   Post offense behavior: if the murderer tries to publicize himself by reaching the media or contacting investigators.

Profiling is based on common sense, yet its applied measures varies from culture to culture and race to race, it is an advanced investigative tool while its effectiveness is still under a lot of scientific scrutiny since it is mostly a speculative art still. An Indian would shake his head from left to right in an affirmative gesture or expression, while a Caucasian by doing so would indicate to a denial gesture or expression, an owl in the Middle East is looked upon as a bad omen, while in the west it symbolizes wisdom, and so on...

Profiling relates behavioral science and relies on observation and analysis.

It is accepted that the evolution of human racial and physical features generates from their inherited behavior due to a specific environment and way of adaptation. Lets take for instance an African negroid thick lips evolved due to an adapting process to help preserve moisture, an aborigine of Australia or Papua New Guinea developed thick eye browse to protect his eyes from sun rays, a Bedouin desert folk did so with a larger or longer nose to help him breath better in desert climate, and women living in hot and humid terrains tend to have a larger buttocks to preserve body fat etc...

Therefore; profiling relies heavily on the understanding of the subject cultural and ethical background, and that in itself is based upon relative measures and speculations.

Though profiling is regarded to be a part of science, yet a successful profiler needs to be very talented if he is to produce an effective and accurate profiling.

Profiling goes back in history to the middle ages, and Scotland Yard took it a step further, while Sherlock Holmes character made it even more popular, then there is the CSI series of late filling the rest of the empty cup of the thirsty TV shows viewers.

Remember; we apply our own spontaneous profiling in daily life by what we interpret and perceive from the body language that we use from one another.

Till the next article, may you have the best personality profile!

Adam El Masri.]]></description>
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		<title>Criminal Profiling for PR China</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/criminal-profiling-for-pr-china.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/criminal-profiling-for-pr-china.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Feb 2011 03:40:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Abnormal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Applied Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Behavioral Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Criminal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Abstract:All over the World serial and mass killings occur almost daily somewhere. This criminal activity is best known in the USA and the UK where the freedoms of society allow murderers to act out their psychotic murders with the protection of rules that ensure freedom of movement, rights to silence and privacy. In the past in China society was so regulated that crime in all areas was extremely difficult to conceal.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Remorse Regret and Sorry &#8211; A Triad of Social Psychology</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/remorse-regret-and-sorry-a-triad-of-social-psychology.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/remorse-regret-and-sorry-a-triad-of-social-psychology.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Feb 2011 15:39:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Criminal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Remorse, Regret, and Sorry are three words vital to adaptive living. These three words when practiced increase the probability of all social interactions being successful. Ignorance and/or refusal of this psychological triad lead to criminal and/or deviant behaviors with victimization as the modus operandi.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Become a Psychologist: 5 Steps to Your Dream</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/how-to-become-a-psychologist-5-steps-to-your-dream.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/how-to-become-a-psychologist-5-steps-to-your-dream.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 Feb 2011 08:17:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Counseling Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Have you ever wondered how human mind works? Why every person has different character, temperament, behavior? Well, psychologists have stepped closer than anybody to the mystery of human's mind! If you're interested in all these questions, then maybe psychology would be appealing for you? It's a really fascinating career path! But how to become a psychologist? What are the main requirements for this profession? Here is a step-by-step guidance on how to become a psychologist.

1. Gathering InformationYou should find out everything about psychologist's duties and tasks. Maybe, you already know that psychologists help people to deal with their problems, to overcome emotional and mental disorders.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Give Yourself the Investigative Edge</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/give-yourself-the-investigative-edge.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/give-yourself-the-investigative-edge.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 22:09:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Behavioral Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Criminal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personnel Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[If your public service involves interviewing surviving victims of or eyewitnesses to violent events, you will want to learn more about Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Witness Memory Retrieval Technique and how each can impact your investigation.

Research proves there are two distinct human processes that prevent investigators and police personnel from conducting the most effective investigation when working with surviving victims of and eyewitnesses to violent crimes. Those processes have been identified as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Memory Retrieval (Recall).

What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and how does it impact the Witness Memory Retrieval process?

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a reaction to a violent event that evokes intense fear, terror and helplessness. Many surviving victims of violent crimes...rape, robbery, murder, kidnapping, terrorism, sexual abuse and physical assault, for example, are unable to recognize the signs of emotional stress they are experiencing.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>A Complete Guide to Forensic Psychology</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/a-complete-guide-to-forensic-psychology.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/a-complete-guide-to-forensic-psychology.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Dec 2009 11:09:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Criminal Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Motivational Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sports Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[History:

Forensic psychology came in light in the twirl of the twentieth century. In 1901, William stern studied on recollection of memory course. He made his students to analyze a picture for few seconds and then asked questions to them relating to it.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Origins of Psychology &#8211; Psyche and Logos</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-origins-of-psychology-psyche-and-logos.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-origins-of-psychology-psyche-and-logos.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Dec 2009 12:43:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Behavioral Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Counseling Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Experimental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personality Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sports Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[From two Greek words: psyche, which means the mind or the soul and logos, which means study, the science of Psychology has been studied and defined by many people throughout the ages. Hilgard, Morgan, Silverman, and Schlesinger are just a few. A careful analysis of their foregoing definitions of psychology reveals common points: Psychology is the scientific study of the behaviors of living organisms; the term behavior must not be solely attributed to man's physical reactions and observable behavior; and thoughts, feelings, and attitudes are also connected to the term behavior.

The primary goals of Psychology are mainly to describe, identify, understand and explain behavior, to know its factors, and to control or change behavior.]]></description>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Epistemic Gap, Psychology, and the Scientific Method</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-epistemic-gap-psychology-and-the-scientific-method.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-epistemic-gap-psychology-and-the-scientific-method.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 05:29:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Empirical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Experimental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[In 1972, Thomas Nagel first introduced what is now known as the "epistemic gap" amongst contemporary philosophers. It was described in his paper "What Is It Like To Be A Bat?" and the gist of the argument was this: one cannot fully understand the mind unless one is experiencing that mind.

Nagel took the example of a bat because bats are so fascinatingly different than humans; they hang upside down most of the time, use echolocation, they are nocturnal, and most eat nothing but insects. Could a human ever convincingly claim that he knew what it was like to be a bat? Nagel didn't believe this was possible - I agree.

Can the same be true amongst humans? Can another human fully understand the mind of another, or, does one have to be in the first-person to understand the mind more clearly?

Philosopher Frank Jackson wrote a paper in 1982 titled "Epiphenomenal Qualia" where he introduced the famous thought experiment known as Mary's room.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Epistemic Gap, Psychology, and the Scientific Method</title>
		<link>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-epistemic-gap-psychology-and-the-scientific-method.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.freepsychologyarticles.com/the-epistemic-gap-psychology-and-the-scientific-method.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2009 05:24:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clinical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Empirical Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Experimental Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forensic Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Psychology Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scientific Psychology Articles]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">b47b41f757bb94352dc6ad8e553ec3e9</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In 1972, Thomas Nagel first introduced what is now known as the "epistemic gap" amongst contemporary philosophers. It was described in his paper "What Is It Like To Be A Bat?" and the gist of the argument was this: one cannot fully understand the mind unless one is experiencing that mind.

Nagel took the example of a bat because bats are so fascinatingly different than humans; they hang upside down most of the time, use echolocation, they are nocturnal, and most eat nothing but insects. Could a human ever convincingly claim that he knew what it was like to be a bat? Nagel didn't believe this was possible - I agree.

Can the same be true amongst humans? Can another human fully understand the mind of another, or, does one have to be in the first-person to understand the mind more clearly?

Philosopher Frank Jackson wrote a paper in 1982 titled "Epiphenomenal Qualia" where he introduced the famous thought experiment known as Mary's room.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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